Vitamin B12 Side Effects
From Pharmacy Drug Guide
Vitamin B12, or cyanocobalamin, is an essential nutrient that is available in both over-the-counter and prescription formulations. The body needs vitamin B12 to make blood cells and to maintain a healthy nervous system. It is a water-soluble nutrient that the body does not store; therefore, a continuous supply is necessary. There are several types of B12, which are collectively referred to as "cobalamins" because they contain the mineral cobalt. Up to 15% of the population may have a vitamin B12 deficiency, and may require supplementation.[1]
Vitamin B12 does not typically cause adverse reactions, even when large amounts are consumed. However, in some cases synthetic vitamin B12 can have certain side effects, such as headache, nausea and stomach upset. In addition, vitamin B12 can interact with some medications.
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| Brand names | Source Naturals, Nature Made, Twinlab, Mega B-12 Dots, others |
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| Chemical name | Cyanocobalamin (synthetic form) |
| Manufacturer | Various |
| Uses | Treats anemia, may be used to treat a variety of other illnesses[2] |
| Common side effects | Headache, nausea, stomach upset, diarrhea, joint pain, itching, or rash. |
| Who should not take Vitamin B12 supplements | People who are allergic to cobalt, or have Leber's disease.[2] |
| Disclaimer | The information provided by PharmacyDrugGuide.com is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Do not take any action based on the information on this page without consulting a physician. |
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Common Vitamin B12 Side Effects
Most of the health problems associated with Vitamin B12 have to do with its deficiency, which can cause severe anemia and other conditions, rather than side effects from taking suplements. Vitamin B12 has extremely low toxicity and even taking it in large doses does not appear to be harmful to healthy individuals.[1]
Side effects are rare. However, man-made vitamin B12, or cyanocobalamin, may sometimes cause headache, upset stomach, fever, pain in the joints, rash or swelling. In severe cases, it may cause shortness of breath, chest pain, rapid weight gain, and pain, warmth or reddening in the limbs.[2]
About Drug Side Effects
Vitamin B12 Allergic Reactions
B12 is an essential nutrient, and therefore it is tolerated by all humans. However, in some cases B2 supplements may cause reactions. The oral use of synthetic cyanocobalamin can lead to several allergic reactions such as hives, difficult breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue. Vitamin B12 supplements can cause problems in people sensitive or allergic to cobalt or any other product ingredients.[2]
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause anemia. Neurological symptoms of deficiency include numbness and tingling of the limbs, trouble walking, memory loss, disorientation, and dementia. Gastrointestinal symptoms are also common in B12 deficiencies; these include tongue soreness, appetite loss, and constipation.[3] Patients with vitamin B12 deficiencies are normally given injections of the vitamin, and may also be prescribed oral supplements.
Prescription Use of Vitamin B12
Doctors often prescribe Vitamin B12 after surgical removal of part or all of the stomach or intestine to ensure there are adequate levels of vitamin B12 in the bloodstream; to treat pernicious anemia; to trat vitamin B12 deficiency due to low intake from food; hemorrhage; malignancy; liver or kidney disease. B12 injections are often prescribed to gastric bypass patients having had part of their small intestine bypassed, making it difficult for B12 to be absorbed via food or vitamins.[4]
Vitamin B12 Precautions and Warnings
Vitamin B12 supplements can react with some prescription and OTC medications:
- Proton pump inhibitors: This classification includes acid-reducers like Prilosec and Nexium. These medicines can hinder B12 absorption.
- Chloramphenicol: This antibiotic can alter the way red blood cells respond to B12 supplements
- Metformin: This diabetes drug can reduce vitamin B12 absorption
- H2 receptor antagonists: These acid-reducers (like Pepcid and Zantac), often used to treat ulcers, interfere with B12 absorption.[1]
Also See: Vitamin B12 Coupons, Vitamin Coupons, Vitamin C Coupons, Fish Oil Coupons, DHEA Coupons, Creatine Coupons, Saw Palmetto Coupons
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